Tempered glass is more durable than annealed glass, yet it is neither harder nor softer, easier to scratch or break, nor is it more porous. Tempered glass is intended for use in environments with a high risk of breakage, temperature changes, and contact. Tempered glass is frequently used in architectural applications such as windows, shower doors, shelving, glass railings, and wall cladding.
Tempered glass does not shatter into huge, sharp shards that could inflict significant damage, as opposed to annealed glass or what is commonly referred to as "regular" glass. Instead, it fragments into more manageable granular pieces that are less dangerous. Because of this, tempered glass is used in the windows of passenger cars, refrigerator trays, shower enclosures, microwaves, and other frequently used items. Additionally, tempered glass is far more durable than annealed glass. It goes through a difficult manufacturing process that makes it tougher thermally and physically.
Glass must first be cut to the required size in order to prepare it for the tempering procedure. The glass is next checked for flaws that could lead to fracture at any point during the tempering process. Sharp edges on the glass are removed with an abrasive, like sand paper, and then cleaned. The glass then starts a heat-treatment procedure in which it is fed continuously or in batches through a tempering oven. The glass is heated in the oven to more than 600 degrees Celsius. (620 degrees Celsius is the industry norm.) The glass is subsequently subjected to "quenching," a high-pressure cooling process. High-pressure air is shot at the glass' surface from a variety of nozzles at various angles during this brief operation. The exterior surfaces of the glass cool significantly more quickly during quenching than the inside. The glass's center strives to peel away from the outside surfaces as it cools. As a result, the outside surfaces compress while the center stays in tension, giving tempered glass its strength.
Tempered glass does not shatter into huge, sharp shards that could inflict significant damage, as opposed to annealed glass or what is commonly referred to as "regular" glass. Instead, it fragments into more manageable granular pieces that are less dangerous. Because of this, tempered glass is used in the windows of passenger cars, refrigerator trays, shower enclosures, microwaves, and other frequently used items. Additionally, tempered glass is far more durable than annealed glass. It goes through a difficult manufacturing process that makes it tougher thermally and physically.
Glass must first be cut to the required size in order to prepare it for the tempering procedure. The glass is next checked for flaws that could lead to fracture at any point during the tempering process. Sharp edges on the glass are removed with an abrasive, like sand paper, and then cleaned. The glass then starts a heat-treatment procedure in which it is fed continuously or in batches through a tempering oven. The glass is heated in the oven to more than 600 degrees Celsius. (620 degrees Celsius is the industry norm.) The glass is subsequently subjected to "quenching," a high-pressure cooling process. High-pressure air is shot at the glass' surface from a variety of nozzles at various angles during this brief operation. The exterior surfaces of the glass cool significantly more quickly during quenching than the inside. The glass's center strives to peel away from the outside surfaces as it cools. As a result, the outside surfaces compress while the center stays in tension, giving tempered glass its strength.
Chemical tempering is another method for creating tempered glass, in which different chemicals exchange ions on the glass' surface to produce compression. Glass fractures about five times more quickly under tension than under compression. The breaking point for annealed glass is 6,000 pounds per square inch (psi). Federal requirements require tempered glass to have a surface compression of 10,000 pounds per square inch or greater; in practice, it breaks at around 24,000 pounds per square inch.
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| Tempered Glass |
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